Miniaturized microstrip patch antennas for IoT applications

Abstract

IoT refers to an endless network of devices all connected to the internet. With the continuously shrinking size of devices needing access to this IoT, the miniaturization of their antennas has become imperative. IoT uses ISM band frequencies which include 4.33GHz, 915MHz, 2.4GHz to 5GHz. Miniaturization is a difficult task in these lower frequency ranges because when the size of the patch is decreased resonant frequency increases. The goal of this research is to identify a simple microstrip patch antenna that is currently used in the 2.4GHz frequency range and apply methods of antenna miniaturization to reduce the patch size while maintaining the antenna’s gain, reflection coefficient, directionality, and resonant frequency.